Multiple Choice
Identify the
letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The
_____ produced by each parent are shown along the sides of a Punnett square. a. | zygotes | c. | gametes | b. | offspring | d. | hybrids | | | | |
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2.
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A
useful device for predicting the possible offspring of crosses between different genotypes is the
_____. a. | law of
dominance | c. | Punnett
square | b. | law of independent assortment | d. | testcross | | | | |
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3.
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Which
of the following describes an organism that has the genotype Bb? a. | homozygous | c. | inbreed | b. | heterozygous | d. | all of these | | | | |
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4.
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Mendel's law of segregation states that during meiosis, the factors that control each
trait separate, and only _____ from each pair is/are passed to the offspring. a. | one
factor | c. | two
factors | b. | the dominant trait | d. | the recessive trait | | | | |
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5.
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The
law of independent assortment states that the inheritance of alleles for one trait is not affected by
the inheritance of alleles for a different trait if the genes for the traits are on
_____. a. | separate
chromosomes | c. | the same
chromosome | b. | homologous chromosomes | d. | homozygous chromosomes | | | | |
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6.
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The
passing on of traits from parents to offspring is called _____. a. | genetics | c. | inbreeding | b. | heredity | d. | gene splicing | | | | |
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7.
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The
statement: "In meiosis, the way in which a chromosome pair separates does not affect the way
other pairs separate," is another way of expressing Mendel's law of _____. a. | dominance | c. | independent
assortment | b. | first filial generations | d. | Punnett squares | | | | |
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8.
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Cells
containing two alleles for each trait are described as _____. a. | haploid | c. | diploid | b. | gametes | d. | homozygous | | | | |
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9.
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The
gamete that contains genes contributed only by the mother is _____. a. | the
sperm | c. | a
zygote | b. | an egg | d. | dominant | | | | |
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10.
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A
couple has two children, both of whom are boys. What is the chance that the parents' next child will
be a boy?
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11.
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A
dog's phenotype can be determined by _____. a. | looking at the dog's parents | b. | examining the
dog's chromosomes | c. | mating the dog and examining its
offspring | d. | looking at the dog | | |
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12.
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A
female guinea pig homozygous dominant for black fur color is mated with a male homozygous for white
fur color. In a litter of eight offspring, there would probably be _____. a. | 8 black guinea
pigs | b. | 4 black and 4
white guinea pigs | c. | 2 black, 4 gray, and 2 white guinea
pigs | d. | 8 white guinea
pigs | | |
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13.
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A
white mouse whose parents are both white produces only brown offspring when mated with a brown mouse.
The white mouse is most probably _____. a. | homozygous recessive | c. | homozygous dominant | b. | heterozygous | d. | haploid | | | | |
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14.
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In
mink, brown fur color is dominant to silver-blue fur color. If a homozygous brown mink is mated with
a silver-blue mink and 8 offspring are produced, how many would be expected to be
silver-blue?
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15.
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The
diagram in Figure 10-2 shows a diploid cell with two homologous pairs of chromosomes. Due to
independent assortment, the possible allelic combinations that could be found in gametes produced by
the meiotic division of this cell are _____. (HINT: Dihybrid FOIL)
Figure
10-2 a. | Bb,
Dd, BB, and DD | c. | BbDd and BDbd | b. | BD,
bD, Bd, and bd | d. | Bd and bD only | | | | |
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Figure 10-7
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16.
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How
should the completed bottom row of Figure 10-7 read? a. | MMXX, MMXx,
MmXX, MmXx | c. | MmXX, mMXx,
mmXX, mmXx | b. | MMxX, MMxx, MmxX, Mmxx | d. | MmXx, Mmxx, mmXx, mmxx | | | | |
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17.
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What
fraction of this cross will be dominant for both traits?
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18.
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The
type of inheritance shown when a red-flowering plant is crossed with a white-flowering plant and only
pink-flowering plants are produced is _____. a. | inbreeding | c. | polygenic inheritance | b. | incomplete
dominance | d. | codominance | | | | |
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19.
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A
trait controlled by four alleles is said to have _____. a. | homologous
alleles | c. | hybridization | b. | autosomes | d. | multiple alleles | | | | |
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20.
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The
23rd pair of chromosomes that differ in males and females are called _____. a. | autosomes | c. | multiple
alleles | b. | sex chromosomes | d. | polygenes | | | | |
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Figure 12-1
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21.
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Refer
to Figure 12-1. If individual III-2 marries a person with the same genotype as individual I-1, what
is the chance that one of their children will be afflicted with hemophilia?
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22.
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What
type of inheritance pattern does the trait represented by the shaded symbols in Figure 12-1
illustrate? a. | incomplete
dominance | c. | codominance | b. | multiple alleles | d. | sex-linked | | | | |
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23.
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For
the trait being followed in the pedigree, individuals II-1 and II-4 in Figure 12-1 can be classified
as _____. a. | homozygous
dominant | c. | homozygous
recessive | b. | mutants | d. | carriers | | | | |
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24.
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If a
female fruit fly heterozygous for red eyes (XRXr) crossed with a white-eyed
male (XrY), what percent of their offspring would have white eyes?
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25.
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When
roan cattle are mated, 25% of the offspring are red, 50% are roan, and 25% are white. Upon
examination, it can be seen that the coat of a roan cow consists of both red and white hairs. This
trait is one controlled by _____. a. | multiple alleles | c. | sex-linked genes | b. | codominant
alleles | d. | polygenic
inheritance | | | | |
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26.
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A
cross between a white rooster and a black hen results in 100% blue Andalusian offspring. When two of
these blue offspring are mated, the probable phenotypic ratio seen in their offspring would be
_____. a. | 100%
blue | c. | 75% blue, 25%
white | b. | 75% black, 25% white | d. | 25% black, 50% blue, 25% white | | | | |
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27.
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Because the gene for red-green color blindness is located on the X chromosome, it is
normally not possible for a _____. a. | carrier mother to pass the gene on to her
daughter | b. | carrier mother to pass the gene on to her
son | c. | color blind
father to pass the gene on to his daughter | d. | color blind father to pass the gene on to his
son | | |
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28.
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Eye
color in humans is the result of _____ inheritance. a. | multiple
allelic | c. | sex-linked | b. | polygenic | d. | simple dominant | | | | |
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29.
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Royal
hemophilia is the result of _____ inheritance. a. | multiple allelic | c. | sex-linked | b. | polygenic | d. | simple
dominant | | | | |
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30.
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The
blood types A, B, AB, and O are the result of _____ inheritance. a. | multiple
allelic | c. | sex-linked | b. | polygenic | d. | simple dominant | | | | |
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31.
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A
child is diagnosed with a rare genetic disease. Neither parent has the disease. How might the child
have inherited the disorder? a. | The disorder is dominant and was carried by a
parent. | b. | The disorder is recessive and carried by both
parents. | c. | The disorder is sex linked and inherited only from the
father. | d. | The disorder could occur only as a mutation in the child
because neither parent had the disease. | | |
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32.
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Two
healthy parents produce a child with the genetic disorder of cystic fibrosis, which is the result of
a recessive gene. What would be the best explanation for this inheritance? a. | This is not the
result of a genetic disorder. | b. | Both parents carried the recessive gene for cystic
fibrosis. | c. | Cystic fibrosis is a chromosomal mutation that occurred during
development and is not related to the parental genotypes. | d. | Cystic fibrosis
is caused by a mutation in the 21st pair of chromosomes. | | |
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33.
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Which
of the following situations is most usual for a dominant allele that results in severe effects in the
offspring? a. | Both parents
have the trait. | c. | The trait occurs
by mutation. | b. | Only a single offspring has the
trait. | d. | none of
these | | | | |
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34.
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A
phenotype that results from a dominant allele must have at least _____ dominant allele(s) present in
the parent(s).
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35.
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In
humans, red-green color blindness is _____. a. | caused by a recessive allele | b. | equally common
in both sexes | c. | inherited in males from their fathers | d. | produced in
males by a heterozygous genotype | | |
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36.
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A man
heterozygous for blood type A marries a woman heterozygous for blood type B. The chance that their
first child will have type O blood is _____.
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37.
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In
Figure 12-7, the trait shown is _____.
Figure 12-7 a. | not sex-linked | c. | Y-linked | b. | X-linked | d. | trisomy | | | | |
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38.
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What
phenotype is depicted in Figure 12-8?
Figure 12-8
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Completion
Complete each sentence or
statement.
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39.
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Traits controlled by genes located on the X or Y chromosome are
____________________.
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40.
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Humans have 22 pairs of ____________________ type of chromosomes.
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41.
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A
graphic representation of an individual's family tree is a(n) ____________________.
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42.
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The
inheritance pattern of a trait controlled by two or more genes is
_________________________.
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43.
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____________________ is when the phenotype of the heterozygote is intermediate between
those phenotypes expressed by the homozygotes.
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44.
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When
phenotypes of both homozygotes are produced in the heterozygote, they are called
____________________.
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Matching
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Match each item with the correct statement below. a. | crossing
over | e. | haploid | b. | meiosis | f. | homozygous | c. | dihybrid | g. | zygote | d. | heredity | h. | fertilization | | | | |
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45.
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A
cross involving two different traits
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46.
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The
exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes
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47.
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The
uniting of the male and female gametes
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48.
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The
cell produced when a male gamete fuses with a female gamete
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49.
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The
type of cell division that produces gametes
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50.
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A
cell that contains one member of each chromosome pair
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51.
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The
alleles present for a trait are the same
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52.
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The
passing of characteristics from parents to offspring
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Short Answer
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53.
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The
gene for color blindness in humans is found on the X chromosome. A boy has a color blind father. Will
the boy be color blind? Explain.
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Name | Mrs. Page | Mr. Page | Mrs. Baker | Mr. Baker | Baby #1 | Baby #2 | Blood
Type | B | AB | B | A | A | O | | | | | | | |
Table
12-1
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54.
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Two
couples, the Pages and the Bakers, had baby boys in the same hospital at the same time. There was a
mix-up in the hospital nursery. Use the information given in Table 12-1. Which baby belongs to which
family?
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55.
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Based
on the Pages' blood types, could either or both babies be theirs? Use Table 12-1 to explain your
answer.
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56.
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Based
on the Bakers' blood types, could Baby #1 be their child? Could Baby #2 be their child? Use Table
12-1 to explain your answer.
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