Name: 
 

Unit 2: Cell Processes- Practice Test


Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
 

 1. 
Energy from sunlight is trapped by chlorophyll located in the _____.
a.
citric acid cycle
c.
electron transport chain
b.
mitochondria
d.
thylakoid membranes
 

 2. 
Chlorophyll traps _____ from sunlight.
a.
oxygen
c.
hydrogen
b.
energy
d.
glucose
 

 3. 
A green pigment that traps energy from sunlight is _____.
a.
carotenoid
c.
chlorophyll
b.
ATP
d.
thylakoid membranes
 

 4. 
Organisms need a way of storing energy because _____.
a.
a cell can't always immediately use all the energy it gets
b.
an organism often has times when no energy is used
c.
a cell can release only stored energy
d.
a cell cannot create energy and must get it from elsewhere in the organism
 

 5. 
In the complete process of photosynthesis, the _____.
a.
Calvin cycle yields CO2
b.
light reactions release oxygen
c.
Calvin cycle breaks down H2O
d.
light reactions produce NADP+ from NADPH + H+
 

 6. 
In glycolysis, _____ molecules of ATP are used in the first step, and _____ molecules of ATP are produced in the second step.
a.
four, two
c.
two, two
b.
two, four
d.
four, four
 

 7. 
In respiration, the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain is _____.
a.
oxygen
c.
hydrogen ions
b.
ATP
d.
H2O
 

 8. 
Which of the following equations best represents photosynthesis?
a.
C + O2 + H2O ® CO2 + HOH
c.
6C + 6H2O ® C6H12O6
b.
6CO2 + 6H2O ® C6H12O6 + 6O2
d.
C6H12O6 ® 6CO2 + 6H2O
 

 9. 
Leaves appear green because the green portion of the light that strikes them is _____.
a.
changed to heat
c.
destroyed
b.
absorbed
d.
reflected
 

 10. 
In which types of organisms does the process shown in Figure 9-5 take place?
unit_2_online_study_files/i0110000.jpg
Figure 9-5
a.
plants only
c.
neither plants nor animals
b.
animals only
d.
both plants and animals
 

 11. 
Among the following, the term that includes the others is _____.
a.
interphase
c.
mitosis
b.
nuclear division
d.
cell cycle
 

 12. 
By the end of prophase, each of the following has occurred except _____.
a.
tighter coiling of the chromosomes
b.
breaking down of the nuclear envelope
c.
disappearing of the nucleolus
d.
lining up of chromosomes in the cell
 

 13. 
Animal cells contain _____ to anchor spindle fibers to oppostie ends of the cell.
a.
cell walls
c.
nucleoli
b.
centrioles
d.
spindles
 

 14. 
The longest phase of the cell cycle is _____.
a.
prophase
c.
metaphase
b.
interphase
d.
mitosis
 

 15. 
A chromatid is attached to a spindle fiber by the _____.
a.
nucleolus
c.
centromere
b.
deep furrow
d.
centriole
 

 16. 
The chromosomes shown in Figure 8-6 are in which state of mitosis?
unit_2_online_study_files/i0170000.jpg
Figure 8-6
a.
prophase
c.
anaphase
b.
metaphase
d.
telophase
 

Short Answer
 

 17. 
Compare and contrast the terms photosynthesis and cellular respiration.
 

 18. 
Compare and contrast the terms aerobic process and anaerobic process.
 

 19. 
Predict what would happen if all the ATP production in living things suddenly ceased.
 

 20. 
If you run or ride a bicycle as fast as you can, your muscles may begin to feel weak and have a burning sensation. Explain what is occurring that accounts for this muscle fatigue.
 

 21. 
In respiration, the steps following glycolysis depend upon whether oxygen is present. Explain.
 

 22. 
Both the wine industry and the bread industry use the process of alcoholic fermentation. In what ways is the use of the process by these industries similar? In what way do the uses differ?
 
 
Molecular Yield of ATP per Glucose Molecule
Reaction
ATP Produced
ATP Used
Glycolysis
4
2
Production of Acetyl-CoA
 
2
Citric acid cycle
2
 
Electron transport chain
34
 
Table 9-1
 

 23. 
Refer to Table 9-1. The combination of glycolysis and fermentation producea net gain of two ATP molecules. How many molecules of ATP does fermentation produce? Explain.
 

 24. 
What is the total net gain in ATP molecules per glucose molecule? Refer to Table 9-1.
 

 25. 
Cytokinesis is the division of the cytoplasm when a cell divides. In precisely which phase of the cell cycle does cytokinesis occur?
 

Completion
For numbers 27. - 39. complete each sentence or statement using the words listed below; there are more word choices then blank spaces.

mitosis      anaphase     
photosynthesis      electron transport chain     
sister chromatids      meiosis     
centomeres      cirtic acid cycle     
prophase      glycolysis     
Calvin cycle      spindle     
photolysis      cell cycle     
centrioles      light reactions
 

 26. 
In photosynthesis, the series of reactions that synthesize simple sugars from carbon dioxide and hydrogen is known as the ____________________.
 

 

 27. 
The anaerobic process of splitting glucose to form pyruvic acid is called ____________________.
 

 

 28. 
The splitting of water during photosynthesis is ____________________.
 

 

 29. 
The passing of electrons along a series of molecules, releasing energy as they go, is known as a(n) _________________________.
 

 

 30. 
The process by which autotrophs use energy from sunlight to build carbohydrates is called ____________________.
 

 

 31. 
The reactions in photosynthesis in which energy from the sun is converted to chemical energy are called ____________________.
 

 

 32. 
The structures that hold together sister chromatids are ____________________.
 

 

 33. 
In a dividing cell, the football-shaped structure consisting of thin fibers is the ____________________.
 

 

 34. 
The process by which identical nuclear material is divided equally between two new cells is ____________________.
 

 

 35. 
The two halves of a doubled chromosome structure are called ____________________.
 

 

 36. 
The sequence of growth and division of a cell makes up the ____________________.
 

 

 37. 
The phase of mitosis in which the sister chromatids separate from each other is ____________________.
 

 



 
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