Dactyloscopy
The study of fingerprints
•Historically
§William Herschel—required Indians to put their fingerprints on contracts, and also as a means of identifying prisoners
§Henry Faulds—claimed that fingerprints did not change over time and that they could be classified for identification
§Alphonse Bertillon—proposed body measurements as a means of identification; termed anthropometry
§Francis Galton—developed a primary classification scheme based on loops, arches and whorls.
§Edward Richard Henry—in collaboration with Galton instituted a numerical classification system
§Juan Vucetich—developed a fingerprint classification based on Galton’s that is used in Spanish-speaking countries