Per 2 Ch. 14/15 Prep-Test
Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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The intermolecular forces between particles in a liquid can involve all of the
following except
a. | London dispersion forces. | c. | dipole-dipole
attractions. | b. | hydrogen bonding. | d. | gravitational forces. |
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2.
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The compressibility of a liquid is generally
a. | less than that of a gas. | c. | equal to that of a
gas. | b. | more than that of a gas. | d. | zero. |
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3.
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The attractive forces in a liquid are
a. | strong enough to prevent the particles from changing positions. | b. | too weak to hold the
particles in fixed positions. | c. | more effective than those in a
solid. | d. | too weak to limit the movements of the particles. |
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4.
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What causes particles in a liquid to escape into a gas state?
a. | high kinetic energy | c. | surface tension | b. | a freezing temperature | d. | the combining of
liquids |
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5.
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A solid forms when the average energy of a substance's particles
a. | increases. | c. | decreases then increases. | b. | decreases. | d. | creates a disorderly arrangement. |
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6.
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In general, most substances are
a. | least dense in the liquid state. | c. | less dense as solids than as
liquids. | b. | more dense as gases than as solids. | d. | most dense in the solid
state. |
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7.
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What causes the high density of solids?
a. | The particles are more massive than those in liquids. | b. | The intermolecular
forces between particles are weak. | c. | The particles are packed closely
together. | d. | The energy of the particles is very high. |
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8.
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Which of the following is a crystalline solid?
a. | a plastic milk container | c. | a glass bottle | b. | a quartz
rock | d. | a three-dimensional
glass cube |
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9.
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Which substance's solid state consists of covalent molecular
crystals?
a. | salt | c. | sodium | b. | water | d. | diamond |
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10.
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Whenever a liquid changes to a vapor, it
a. | absorbs heat energy from its surroundings. | b. | is in equilibrium
with its vapor. | c. | is boiling. | d. | is condensing. |
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11.
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Molecules at the surface of a liquid can enter the vapor phase only if
a. | equilibrium has not been reached. | b. | the concentration of the vapor is
zero. | c. | their energy is high enough to overcome the attractive forces in the
liquid. | d. | condensation is not occurring. |
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12.
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A volatile liquid
a. | has strong attractive forces between particles. | b. | evaporates
readily. | c. | has an odor. | d. | is ionic. |
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13.
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At pressures greater than 760 mm Hg, water will boil at
a. | a temperature higher than 100ºC. | c. | 100ºC. | b. | a temperature lower
than 100ºC. | d. | 4ºC. |
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14.
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Why would a camper near the top of Mt. Everest find that water boils at less
than 100ºC?
a. | There is greater atmospheric pressure than at sea level. | b. | The flames are
hotter at that elevation. | c. | There is less atmospheric pressure than at sea
level. | d. | The atmosphere has less moisture. |
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15.
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Which of the following is a homogeneous mixture?
a. | water | c. | whole-wheat bread | b. | a sugar-water solution | d. | sugar |
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16.
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All of the following are homogeneous mixtures EXCEPT
a. | sodium chloride. | c. | gasoline. | b. | a sugar-water solution. | d. | a salt-water
solution. |
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17.
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Carbon dioxide in water is an example of which solute-solvent
combination?
a. | gas-liquid | c. | liquid-liquid | b. | liquid-gas | d. | cannot be
determined |
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18.
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A metal solution is a(n)
a. | colloid. | c. | suspension. | b. | alloy. | d. | electrolyte. |
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19.
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Increasing the surface area between solute and solvent
a. | increases the rate of dissolution. | b. | decreases the rate of
dissolution. | c. | has no effect on the rate of dissolution. | d. | can increase,
decrease, or have no effect on the rate of dissolution. |
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20.
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Stirring increases the rate of dissolution because it
a. | raises the temperature. | b. | lowers the temperature. | c. | brings fresh solvent
into contact with the solute. | d. | decreases surface area of the
solute. |
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21.
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If the amount of solute present in a solution at a given temperature is less
than the maximum amount that can dissolve at that temperature, the solution is said to be
a. | saturated. | c. | supersaturated. | b. | unsaturated. | d. | concentrated. |
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22.
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If the amount of dissolved solute in a solution at a given temperature is
greater than the amount that can permanently remain in solution at that temperature, the solution is
said to be
a. | saturated. | c. | supersaturated. | b. | unsaturated. | d. | diluted. |
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23.
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The solubility of a substance at a given temperature can be expressed as
a. | grams of solute. | c. | amount of solute per amount of solvent. | b. | grams of
solvent. | d. | grams of water per
100 g of solute. |
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24.
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Which of the following is an example of a polar solvent?
a. | carbon tetrachloride | c. | water | b. | benzene | d. | gasoline |
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25.
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Which of the following is an example of a nonpolar solvent?
a. | water | c. | both a and b | b. | carbon tetrachloride | d. | neither a nor b |
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26.
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Which of the following is soluble in water?
a. | potassium nitrate | c. | benzene | b. | silver | d. | carbon
tetrachloride |
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27.
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Sugar is soluble in water because sugar molecules are
a. | massive. | c. | nonpolar. | b. | large. | d. | polar. |
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28.
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Pressure has the greatest effect on the solubility of
a. | solids in liquids. | c. | gases in gases. | b. | liquids in liquids. | d. | gases in
liquids. |
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29.
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As temperature increases, solubility of gases in liquids
a. | increases. | c. | can increase or decrease. | b. | decreases. | d. | is not affected. |
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30.
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What is the molarity of a solution that contains 0.202 mol KCl in 7.98 L
solution?
a. | 0.0132 M | c. | 0.459 M | b. | 0.0253 M | d. | 1.363 M |
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31.
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What is the molarity of a solution that contains 125 g NaCl in 4.00 L
solution?
a. | 0.535 M | c. | 8.56 M | b. | 2.14 M | d. | 31.3 M |
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32.
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How many moles of HCl are present in 0.70 L of a 0.33 M HCl solution?
a. | 0.23 mol | c. | 0.38 mol | b. | 0.28 mol | d. | 0.47 mol |
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33.
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An NaOH solution contains 1.90 mol of NaOH, and its concentration is 0.555 M.
What is its volume?
a. | 0.623 L | c. | 1.05 L | b. | 0.911 L | d. | 3.42 L |
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34.
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How many milliliters water are needed to make a 0.171 M solution that contains
1.00 g of NaCl?
a. | 100 mL | c. | 171 mL | b. | 1000 mL | d. | 17.1 mL |
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Matching
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Match each statement with the correct item below. a. | dissolved molecule | b. | heat of solution | c. | are more soluble at
lower temperature | d. | contain particles larger than those in
solutions | e. | supersaturated solution | f. | involves scattering light | g. | ion in a
crystal | h. | is driven by differences in solution concentration | i. | definition of
molarity | j. | ion in solution | k. | dilute solution | l. | generally increases
solubility | m. | hydrogen bond |
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35.
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K+(s)
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36.
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K+(aq)
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37.
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O - H.....O - H
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38.
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unstable
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39.
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temperature
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40.
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moles solute per liter solution
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